Chucking mechanism



Patented Apr. 21, 1925.

UNITED STATES- WILLIAM F. scHUlvIEn, or CINCINNATI, orIfIo.A

CHUCKING- MECHANISM'.

Application med Apru 1e, 1923. serial No. 632,261.

To all whom t may concern:

Be 1t known that I, lllILLnmr SCHUMER, a citizen of the United States, resrdlng at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and' "Stateof Chio, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Checking" Mechanism, of which the following` is a` specification.

My invention relates to chuckingl mechanism employing collets, and is exemplified in connection with a lathe, butis also employable in other relations.

lt is the objectof my invention to pro# vide chucliing mechanism which is of few fiiparts and of simple construction, powerful in its action and arrangedto hold articles ofditferent kinds and materially diferent sizes; further, to provide-novel means for Voperatingan'inner collet; further, to provide novel means for releasing the object andejecting the same, and the invention will be further readily understood from the following description and claims, and from ythe drawings, in which latter:

Fig. 1 4represents a side elevation of a portion of a lathe embodyinpl my invention7 partly broken away.

Fig. 2 is acentral axial section ofthe saine,` taken on the` line'2-'-2 of F ig; 3.

" Fig. 3 is anend View of the same, taken from the collet end'.

Fi g. 4 is af cross-section of the same, taken in the plane of the line ofFig. 2.

Fig. 5 isan laxial section" of the `outer col"- `"`let,"talen invthe plane oftheline 5 5 of 2; and,

6 is an axial section of a'detaihtalen in the plane of the line 2-2 of F ig. 3, show-` ing van'inner collet of different size, andan object clamped therein.

11 represents aA shell. This shell may take the form of the quill lof, the head-stock of a usual metal turning lathe. The headstoclrisexemplified at 12, and `may besuit-V "ably`"^1nounted on a suitable lathe-bed 13.

The-headstocl is provided withbearin'gs 14,515, in which theV shell vis'journaled, pref# erably in such' manner that'wear inthe bearings may be. talren'u'l'o' from' time'to time; For accomplishing this latter' purpose, I prefer to' providethe shell adjacent to one end thereof with a slightlytapering portion-16 and a more ahrupt'lytapering por-V tion 17 on itsouterperiphery A `bushing 18 'having corresponding-` inner peripheraly faces 19, 20, is received over said 'outer peripheral faces-16 andl'?. Thisfbusl'iing-''' l forms a rigid partofthe bearing 141' The' shell isv adjustable lengthwisein thebush ingto take up wear and' provide a proper journal fit in the'busl'iing, by means 'of-"ay ring-nut 21 threaded over a threaded por'g tion` 22 of said shell and contacting-'the bearing 14. The shell is held endwi'se be? tween said tapered portions and said' nut. rlhe ring-nut is fixed to the shell after adi' jnstment by means of' ai set-screw 225i acting*l on a plug 24 in the ring-nut, toclampfsaid' plug' upon said threaded portion.

The shell is provided with a journalportion 25`adjacent its other endl A splitb'ushlv ing 26, which forms part of Vthe"bearing 15, is received aboutthis journal'portion.

This split bushing has'a tapering` outer`A periphery 27 coacting with "theta-pering vin'- ner periphery 28 ofthe outer xportion of the bearing 15. It is furtherprovided with a. threaded end 29, to which a ring-nut `30 is threaded. The ring-nut"imping'es'the bear#A ing 1o and is arranged to `force-'the split" bushingv 26 lengthwise of the taperingpe-Y riphery 28 for taking up anywear'there may be between the shell and the' bearingl.

Snitablemeans are provided for rot-ating the shell, shown asa step ,cone pulley 131, secured to the shell by a set-screw`32f The 'shell may be providedV with-,a threaded stub 33, to which any usual holding' plate 3 or face plate Vused in `latheconstruction.may

Vbesecured; Y v

One endof ltheshell'is provided with an inner tapering annular face 35. An louter' collet '36 is arranged to be received inthe" shell, being provided with a suitable num-v ber ofV slits 37, exemplified as'three, such slits forming clamping jaws '38.` The outer the tapering portion'ofthe oiitercolletand 10olv the sleeve upon relative rotation between the outer collet and the sleeve.

A turning device is provided for the sleeve, shown as a hand-wheel e6, which is secured to the sleeve, as by means of a setscrew 47. The inner end of the. hub of the handwheel abuts against the outer end of the shell, and the sleeve is provided with an annular flange 48, the hub4 of the hand-r wheel being confined between this :flange and the outer end of the shell. The inner end of a pin 5l, heldin the shell, is received in a slotf extending lengthwise of the outer collet, and prevents relative turning between the collet and the sleeve. but permits lengthwise movements between the same.y

llilhen the` hand-wheel is rotated in one direction, the outer collet v36 is drawn toward the hand-wheel, causing its .outer tapering face 39 to nieve lengthwise of the inner tapering face of the shelh'and thereby draw the jaws of the outer collet toward each other. lhen the hand-wheel rotated in the opposite direction, separation is caused between the hand-wheel and the tapering outer portion of the outer col let, to cause endwise relieving movement between said outer and inner tapering` portions, whereby the jaws of the outer collet are permitted to expand. The outer collet is preferably inade of spring material so constructed that the jaws thereof normally expand when pressure thereon by the tapering inner face 35 is relieved. This relieving movement may be aided by endwise pressure on the hand-wheel to maintain contact between the inner end of the hub of the hand-wheel and the outer end of the shell. The shell in ay be held while the hand-wheel is being` turned, as by the belt which is received about the pulley, or in other manner, to aid relative rotation between the sleeve and the shell.

An inner collet provided, comprising slits of which three are shown, to forni` jaws 57. This inner collet is also of spring material so constructed that the jaws normally separate, with the outer' periphery of the inner collet preferably cylindrical for being readily received within the outer collet. The inner collet is preferably provided with an annularly arranged flange 5S at the outer ends of the jaws.

Connection is preferably obtained between the inner collet and the outer collet to iix the telescopedcollets lengthwise to each other upon rotative movement between the collets. This lis shown accomplished by a. bayonet pin and slot connection, in which the 4pin thereof is passed through anendwise vextending portion 63 of the bayonet slot. Upon relative turning between the collets, the pin is received in a laterally extending portion 64 of the bayonet slot, so as of said parts.

to hold the collets together lengthwise by contact between the pin and the. walls of this laterally extending slot.

.An ejector-part 65 is received in the sleeve and in the outer collet. This ejectorpart is shown as a tube. Rotative connec tion is provided between the inner ends of the inner collet and the tube, shown as a clutch consisting' of tongues 66 on one of said parts received in notches 67 in the other The outer end of the ejectorpart extends beyond the outer end of the sleeve, and is provided with a handle portion 68, shown with a knurled outer periphery, to be grasped by the hand for ready rotation of the ejector-part with relation to the sleeve.`

When an inner collet is to be used in connection with the outer collet, the inner collet is pushed into the outer collet, with its bayonet pin 62 received in the bayonet slot until the flange 58 thereon substantially meets the outer end of the outer collet. The ejector-part is then moved inwardly and turned to cause coaction between its tongues 66 and the notches 67 at the inner' end of the inner collet. lhen such coaction has taken place, the ejector-part is turned for rotating the inner collet within the outer collet and causing movement of the bayonet pin 62 into the lateral portion 64 of the bayonet slot, thereby fixing the collets relatively lengthwise.

Then the inner collet is to be removed,

will push the inner collet outwardly and thereby release the inner collet from the outer collet. y

The wall of the bore of the inner collet and the wall of the bore of the ejector-tube are in line with each other, so that a bar, tube or rod upon which it is desired to operate may be received through said ejectortube and said inner collet, and be clamped by the clamping faces of said inner collet;

Upon release of clamping action by. the l outer collet, the bar, tube or rod `may be moved lengthwise in the inner collet, for operation upon a succeeding section of the bar, tube or rod, without danger of disengaging the inner collet from the outer eollet. as the inner collet is held in the outer collet by the bayonet pin and slot connection.

The wall of the bore of the outer collet and the inner periphery of an inwardly exbar, tube or'- rod may befre'ceivedthrough and guided 'by said bearing ,and outer collet sleeve, are in line withv eachother so that a Nisupporting an object, ,insta1iced as ,a 'frustod conical part 73, for instance, agjenvelens` "cluster setting, in said recess. betweensaid jaws. (See 6.) Thisobject is clamped Vin' said recess between the jaws upon clamp-y ing actionof thejouter collet upon the inner collet. Upon release Vof the inner .collet by unclampingY the outer fcollet, andV y rotating f and ejecting the inner collet, the jaws of the inner colletfwill spread for ready releaseof object 73 therefrom. v Inner collets having different'fsizes of spaces between the 'clamping' jaws for clamping differently sized objects maybeprovided andlbe interchangeably'employed in the o'utei1 collet. An exampleof oneof such additional inner collets'i'sshown at 55l in Fig. 6. the parts of'this'inner collet being identified by similar but primednreference numerals. The outside diameters of the various inner collets',A are, however,i,alike, for f fitting into the outer collet. The thickness of the rear portions of the jaws thereof are preferably the same so as to provide proper spring movements for the jaws. The outer ends of the jaws are, however, enlarged inwardly as shown at 74, for reducing the diameter of the clamping bore of the inner collet, the inner ends of these enlargements preferably being tapered to permit insertion of a bar, tube or rod from the rear.

Each of the additional inner collets is provided with notches 67 with which the tongues 66 coact, for rotating the same within the outer collet, and with a bayonet-pin 62 for the bayonet pin and slot connection between the inner and outer collets.

The collet end of the shell is provided with an inner bearing 75 for the inner end of the outer collet which is of less diameter than the diameter of the bore of the shell, to provide an annular space 76 about the outer collet between said inner bearing and the taper face 35 for greater freedom of spreading and clamping movements of the jaws oflthe outer collet.

A comparatively narrow peripheral bearing 77 is also provided adjacent the other end of the shell, so that the sleeve 44 is centered by said comparatively narrow bearing at its outer end, its inner end being centered within a comparatively narrow bearing 78 about the outer collet by its threaded connection therewith. An annular relief-space 80 is thereby provided about the sleeve.

The outer collet has an inner peripheral vla . relief section SQ for formingjanjouter comparative'ly nairow fbearingq and4 an .inner 'comparatively narrow bearing 84. 'llheouter bearing 83' is at the outer endsfpfwtlie jaws of the inner collet for etfectiveclamping. `The inner bearingj84 is a bearing for the inner end of the ejector-tube,

The sleeve is atv its outerjendlprovided ywith an inner peripheral bearing 85, `in'.

which the outer end of the' ejectoif-tube has sliding and rotative .engagement. Arr .annular rehefspace 86` is thereby formed between the inner and outer ends of the ejector- 8S for the outer endof the inner collet soY that an object within said inner.y peripheral faces-'may be readily clamped therebetween. Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: 1 u

l. Inv chucking mechanism, thecoinbinaticn of a yshell provided with an inner taper end face. anuouter collet in ,said shell, said vouter collet havlng an outer taper end face c'oacting with' said ,innertaper end facena sleeve in saidshell telescopingly connected with said outer collet, the inner ends of said outer collet and said sleeve having threaded connection therebetween for relative endwise adjustment therebetween, means between said sleeve and said shell limiting endwise movement of said sleeve into said shell, turning means at the outer end of said sleeve outside said shell. an inner collet in said outer collet, means solely between said outer collet and said inner collet connecting said collets, and an ejector-part extending lengthwise in said outer collet and in said sleeve arranged to eject said inner collet. by endwise movement of said ejector-part in said outer collet and said sleeve while maintaining said outer collet in said chucking mechaanism about said ejector-part.

2. In chucking mechanism, the combination of a shell provided with an inner taper end face. an outer collet in said shell, said outer collet having an outer taper end face coacting with said inner taper end face, a sleeve in said shell telescopingly arranged with relation to said outer collet, the inner ends of said sleeve and said outer collet having threaded connection therebetween for endwise adjustment between said sleeve and said outer collet, means between said sleeve and said shell limiting endwise movement of said sleeve into said shell, turning means at the outer end of said sleeve, an inner collet in said outer collet, securing` means between said inner collet and said outer collet securing said collets together endwise by rotative movement of said inner collet, an ejectorpart extending lengthwise in said outer colletA and said sleeve arranged by endwise movement of said ejector-part in said outer collet and said sleeve to eject said inner collet, and means between the inner ends of said inner' collet and said ejector-part for rotatively connecting said innercollet and said ejector-part.

3. In ohucking mechanism, the combination of a shell provided with an inner taper end face, an Guter collet in said shell, said outer collet having an outer taper end face coaoting with said inner taper end face, a sleeve in said shell telescopingly arranged with relation to said outer collet, the inner ends of said sleeve and said outer collet having threaded connection therebetween for endwise adjustment between said sleeve and said outer collet, means between said sleeve and said shell limiting endwise movement of said sleeve into said shell, turning means at the outer end of said sleeve outside said shell, an inner collet in said outer collet, an ejector-part extending lengthwise in said outer collet and said sleeve arranged to eject said inner collet by endwise movement ofV said ejector-part in said outer collet and said sleeve, said inner collet and said outer collet having a bayonet pin and slot connection between them, and a clutch between the inner ends of said inner collet and said ejector-part whereby to turn said inner collet by said ejector-par 4. In chucking mechanism, the combination of a shell provided with an inner taper end face, a collet in said shell, said collet having an outer taper end tace coacting with said inner taper end face, a sleeve in said shell, the inner ends of said sleeve and said collet having threaded connection therebetween for relative endwise adjustment be-l tween said sleeve and said collet, means between said sleeve and said shell limiting endwise movement of said sleeve into said shell, said sleeve provided with turning means, an

inner collet in said outer collet, securing` means between said collets securing said eollets together endwise by rotative movement of said inner collet, an ejector-tube in said sleeve, the bores ofsaid ej eetor-tube and said inner collet being in axial alinement, and a clutch between the inner ends of said ejector tube and said inner collet to rotate said inner collet.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. i

f EDWARD J. Bnlees, DELMA VVERNsING. 

